Pythonからcallされるソースコード『py_hello.c』

// #include <Python.h>
#include "../../../include/python3.6m/Python.h"

// C function 'hello world'
static PyObject* c_helloworld(PyObject* self, PyObject* args)
{
    printf("Hello World\n");
    return Py_None;
}

// myModule definition(python's name)
static PyMethodDef myMethods[] = {
    { "helloworld", c_helloworld, METH_NOARGS, "Prints Hello World" },
    { NULL }
};

// myModule definition struct
static struct PyModuleDef myModule = {
    PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
    "myModule",
    "Python3 C API Module(Sample 1)",
    -1,
    myMethods
};

// Initializes myModule
PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_myModule(void)
{
    return PyModule_Create(&myModule);
}

setup.py

from distutils.core import setup, Extension

setup(name = 'myModule', version = '1.0.0',  \
   ext_modules = [Extension('myModule', ['py_hello.c'])])

『py_hello.c』を呼ぶソースコード『hello.py』

import myModule

myModule.helloworld()